Rules for a sustainable energy supply system.
The „old“ energy supply system was significantly characterised by a few large power stations feeding electricity into the high-voltage grid. The electricity was transported „from top to bottom“ to the customer at medium and low voltage levels. Load dispatchers from the large energy suppliers forecast electricity consumption for the respective day – electricity generation followed the load. Electricity applications in heating and mobility only took place in smaller-scale solutions (e.g. night storage heaters...).
In the „new“ and future energy supply system, electricity will be produced at all grid levels.
Electricity will increasingly be used for heating and mobility in the future – electricity demand is rising. Renewables produce electricity when the sun is shining and the wind is blowing. Feed-in can be predicted – but in the future, an increasing proportion of electricity consumption, the load, should follow generation. It is a great advantage that electricity can be stored as heat and in mobility applications, in the short, medium, and long term. Experts have long called for appropriate regulations for such an energy system. Unfortunately, these are still outstanding.
In the future system, so-called energy cells will play a central role. Energy cells are the logical consequence of many PV feed-ins on the low-voltage side, large wind and PV projects in the area. Flexibility will also be needed locally; the large storage facility in Pfaffenhofen will not resolve the bottlenecks in the low-voltage grid in Klanxbüll.